Effects of oil pollution on the environment pdf

Environmental pollution has its own causes, effects and solutions. Theory of environmental pollution is one among them. Effects of oil pollution on the marine environment about the author heather wiedenhoft writes and edits scientific literature and has been published in cell journal, harmful algae journal and has written for sea grants award winning newsletter, sea star. The extent of air pollution, health effects and environmental effects depend on factors such as, a amount of oil spill. Oil pollution occurs when crude oil and its refined products are spilled into the environment by the activities of man. The term is usually applied to marine oil spills, where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters, but spills may also occur on land.

Nov 15, 2019 environment and related topics have nowadays become very important for upsc, state pcs and other govt competitive exams. The oil boom era with its high pace of consumption and population opened the floodgate for. Environmental pollution, types, causes, impact and. The effects of different types of water pollution are complex and, in many cases, not well understood. Snape, in oil spill science and technology second edition, 2017. Looking into these will help you identify the causes and what steps you can take to mitigate those effects. Lasting damage to lands and waterways is one major negative consequence when oil finds its way into the environment. When an oil spill occurs, many elements of the environment may be affected.

Oil spills have many adverse effects on the environment. What are the causes and negative effects of oil pollution. Excess suspended solids block out energy from the sun and thus affect the carbon dioxideoxygen. World bank 2002 found particulate matter is the most serious pollutant in large cities in south asia. Energy, fossil fuels, nuclear power plants, renewable energy, environment, global. In the uk our drinking water supplies come from rivers and groundwater. Oil is toxic and harmful to plants and animals and a threat to their habitats. However, efforts for spill containment and recovery are considered to be only moderately effective.

Conventional pollutants may cause a myriad of water pollution problems. Review on the effects of exposure to spilled oils on human health. These effects can be aggravated by severe weather conditions. Environmental pollution refers to the introduction of harmful pollutants into the environment. Introduction pollution of the environment is one of the major effects of human technological advancement. Spilt oil can pollute streams, rivers and, if it soaks through the soil and rock, groundwater. Effects of nuclear pollution the effects vary from organism to organism and from level of radioactivity of nuclear isotopes. Our water is polluted by the fallout from air pollution and by refineries discharging chemical pollutants into waterways.

Environmental impact of the petroleum industry wikipedia. Oil spill effects on humans environmental pollution centers. Shorelines, more than any other part of the marine environment, are exposed to the effects of oil as this is where it naturally tends to accumulate. Environment pollution is a widereaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human populations is great. Aug, 2016 oil pollution is most common in large water bodies like seas and oceans. Surface mining of oil shale deposits causes the usual environmental impacts of openpit mining. The environmental impact of olive oil production in the. Environment dying is global perilous point which catastrophically the human, animals and plants. Various methods are practiced to control solid waste pollution as composting, recycling, incineration, pyrolysis, disposal, landfills etc. Conclusions and recommendations related chapters glossary bibliography biographical sketch summary this chapter aims to present the main environmental impacts of the oil and gas industry throughout the stages of exploration and discovery of new deposits, hydrocarbon production and oil refining.

Selected studies on the human health effects of oil spills. When spills impact on the coast, there is major public and political concern, and pressure for cleanup to occur. The extent of air pollution, health effects and environmental effects depend on factors such as, a amount of oil spill, b composition and characteristics of the crude and natural gas, c. Many of the impacts may follow this scenario, but a closer look at research on the effects of oil spills have shown that many of the impacts are resolved quickly while other impacts tend to linger. The effects of oil pollution are devastating and well documented. Most often, spilled oil strands on the shoreline and requires cleanup efforts, though care is needed to minimize additional harm that can slow overall recovery. Consequently, the effects of oil pollution are sufficiently well understood to allow for broad indications of the scale and duration of damage for a given incident. Effects of oil pollution on the marine environment this paper describes the effects of shipsource oil spills and resultant cleanup activities on marine flora and fauna, and their habitats.

It begins with a brief overview of the major environmental media or mechanisms through which transport can affect the. What are effects of oil pollution in venezuela answers. In this study, effects of energy resources on environment are considered in detail. Introduction with the development of oil industry, the general environment and in particular wetland ecosystem has become extremely vulnerable to damaging effects of oil pollution. Biotoilets, bioremediation next post water pollution water pollution is the additionpresence of undesirable substances toin water such as organic, inorganic, biological, radiological, heat, which degrades the quality of water so that it becomes unfit for use.

Introduction hydrocarbon contamination in the environment is a very serious problem whether it comes. Different organisms may respond differently to the same type of pollution. In this article, we have thoroughly discussed the types, causes and impacts of different pollutions affecting humankind. Causes and effects of environmental pollution help save nature.

This paper provides the insight view about the affects of environment pollution in the perspective of air pollution, water and land soil waste pollution on human by diseases and problems, animals and trees plants. Oil pollution across antarctica is low compared with other regions of the world, concentrated at. For wildlife caught in an oil spill, being exposed to toxic petroleum products often results in lower reproductive rates, organ damage and death. The impacts of oil pollution on the marine ecosystem can be categorized into longterm and shortterm effects. Hence, solid waste management reduces or controls the solid waste pollution and its hazardous effects. The effects are oil spills and tanker damage to the environment, it hurts the fishers from fishing with the tiles, the country leads south america in carbon dioxide due to the environmental city. In addition, the combustion and thermal processing generate waste material, which must be disposed. Causes and effects of oil spill on our environment earth. These sources determine the origins of pollution and pollution. Technological advances in exploration, production, and transportation of oil and enforcement of safety and environmental laws and regulations help to avoid and reduce these effects.

Environmental impact of the oil shale industry wikipedia. Oil pollution can kill animals and wildlife, sometimes wiping out entire ecosystems before a cleanup starts. South african refineries currently pollute at unacceptable, unhealthy levels. Environmental protection agency epa took several actions. The worst oil spill caused by offshore oil drilling happened in the mexican gulf. Oil spills have negative impacts on the residents of the affected areas.

The effects of oil pollution on aquatic ecosystems sciencing. Processos interativos homemmeio ambiente interactive manenvironment processes, 1 ed. Environmental pollution, types, causes, impact and management. Pollution comes from the latin word polluere which means to defile. Pollution due to oil spills in marine environment and. Traffic policemen everywhere should wear pollution masks for their own safety and to arouse public awareness of the risk of automobile pollution. Crude oil, pollution, soil, physical properties, ecosystem i. For instance, the refineries discharge phenol into the atmosphere during every. Oil drilling is one of the causes of the oil spill. Environment, pollution, sabotage, hydrocarbon, acid rain, ijaw community introduction niger delta region is rated as the most oilimpacted environment and polluted area in the world most especially by environmental experts from the uk, the usa and nigeria. It results when a change in the environment harmfully affects the quality of human life including effects on animals, micro organisms and plants. The health effects many of the gases emitted by refineries are harmful to humans, and can cause permanent damage and even death. Air pollution, health, and environmental effects oil spills have potential to cause air pollution episodes depending on a number of factors.

Onshore and offshore oil drilling are some of the worst ways oil can find its way to the sea. It has a hazardous effect on the natural world and on the activities of living beings. The impact of oil on the environment oil care company. Suffocation caused by oil spills and oil poisoning are among the first group. Automobiles include cars, trucks, motorcycles and boats anything that burns gas. Other factors such as temperature, rainfall and water flow may influence effects of pollution.

Oil pollution is an ever present threat in the marine environment with large numbers of spills, both large and small, being recorded every year european environment agency, 2006. This paper examined the effects of oil pollution on the environment. Causes, effects and solutions to environmental pollution. An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially marine areas, due to human activity, and is a form of pollution.

Oil spills have potential to cause air pollution episodes depending on a number of factors. Oil pollution is primarily a manmade pollution and is a result of human irresponsible activities. The oil industry has undoubtedly brought economic benefits to many of our people, but it has left in its trail a complex mix of environmental pollution problems. It is considered the main cause of ever rising cases of respiratory system problems and diseases, like asthma and cancer. Accidents that impact the environment, such as large oil spills, leaks, fires and explosions on plants. Accidental oil spills also pollute the groundwater and open waterways. They leave oil, antifreeze, grease and metals on streets and driveways. Causes, consequences, prevention, and countermeasures. Broadly, environmental pollution consists of six basic types of pollution, i. Air pollution oil refineries cause smog and air pollution. The international tanker owners pollution federation limited.

As for the effects of water pollution, these include a large number of waterborne diseases, ranging from diarrhea and vomiting to gastroenteritis and typhoid. Particular attention is devoted to discussing the complex interactions between oil and biological systems, which have been the subject of diverse. Depending on the magnitude of the spill and its location, the effects can vary, ranging from minimal to serious ones. Organisms, remediation of contaminated environments, and effects of heavy metals cocontamination on bioremediation shukla abha and cameotra swaranjit singh institute of microbial technology, chandigarh, india 1. An example in this sense is the murphy oil spill due to the failure of a storage tank at the murphy oil usa refinery that had particularly affected residential areas in louisiana. A scientific appraisal of typical oil spill effects reveals that, while damage occurs and can be profound at the level of individual organisms, populations are more resilient.

The devastating effects of environmental degradation a case. The consequences of oil spills are more severe in aquatic ecosystem. Effects of crude oil contaminated water on the environment. These differences are strongly apparent in the physical characteristics of the plantations, management practices, socioeconomic situation and environmental. Environment, pollution, sabotage, hydrocarbon, acid rain, ijaw community introduction niger delta region is rated as the most oil impacted environment and polluted area in the world most especially by environmental experts from the uk, the usa and nigeria. Oil pollution is a serious problem, especially oil spills in the worlds oceans. Effects of crude oil contaminated water on the environment noyo edema department of botany, delta state university, abraka, delta state nigeria 1. Especially, effects of renewable energy resources on environment and criteria that must be observed in energy production to prevent environment pollution are examined. Effect of crude oil pollution on some soil physical properties. The clean air act the act seeks to reduce air pollution in the united states. For instance, oil spills can have a major impact on the temporary animal and fish loss of habitat. Some forms of pollution are long lasting while others are shortlived. A longer exposure to radioactive radiations can damage the dna cells that results in cancer, genetic defects for the generations to come and even death.

On shore and offshore oil drilling are some of the worst ways oil can find its way to the sea. The effects of air pollution on humans are quite severe. Environment and related topics have nowadays become very important for upsc, state pcs and other govt competitive exams. The devastating effects of environmental degradation a. The radiations destroy the cells in human body and causes cancer.

Pollution caused by crude oil is the most prevalent problem in the environment. The degree of oil retention by a shore considerably affects the shortterm impact and duration of damage. Some of which have technical issues hence causing oil spillage. Currently, many oil rigs are being drilled in seas. The release of crude oil into theenvironment by oil spills is receiving worldwide attention. Pollution due to oil spills in marine environment pollution is the introduction of substances into the environment that alter its physical, chemical and biological properties in such a way that is harmful to living organisms. Specifically, the act first passed in 1970 and its amendments require engines and fuels to produce less air pollution, among other requirements, to reduce air pollution from gasoline use. Oil spill occurs due to the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the aquatic environment. Marine water is especially affected by this form of pollution.